Hopelessness and Poverty in This Nation Essay

Opportunities in America, especially for those who have minimum wages and big families to support, are very limited. Jonathan Kozol presented a speech about poverty in America. In this, he talked about his experiences staying in a homeless center in New York, one of the wealthiest places in the nation, and how he â€Å"never found his way back home. † The people are easily unseen and greatly forgotten. Because of this, families in poverty do not get the same possibilities as wealthier people do. Opportunities in America should be equal for all people and to do this, actions need to be taken. The kinds of measures that need to be taken have to do with shelters, nourishment, and impartiality. Kozol was inspired to visit the homeless because of an article written the night before Christmas 1985, which told about a boy who died because he was premature. This resulted because the mother did not have the proper nourishment and care. The baby was already living on the streets before he was even a year old. This is a revolting fact to realize that baby’s are being born on the filthy city streets and are not being provided with the proper care. Kozol decided to visit the mother of the baby in a homeless shelter. He celebrated the holidays with families in the shelter where the food was cooked off of hotplates, because there were no ovens. He also said that the average child was only six years old. The living conditions in a homeless shelter are very unsanitary and when you are a child your immune system is not that strong and it is very unhealthy. Kozol explained how one day he was in Las Angeles when he spotted a family living on the streets. The mother came to Las Angeles to look for good rent but couldn’t find anything suitable enough. The husband was working in a sweatshop making only five hundred dollars a month, which is minimum wage. This was certainly not enough to pay for rent and support a family at the same time. Because of this, they were forced to live on the streets. Kozol was right, compassion is un-weighted and if you are born poor in a rich nation it is a major disadvantage. To make the opportunities in America more equal, there are many things that the government and more fortunate people could do. Since there were almost two thousand people in the shelter, I think that the cities should make more places for the homeless to come, have decent living conditions, and a source of food. There should be certain doctors for patients in need who do not have the money to pay for appointments. So that people who make minimum wage and are suffering get a fair chance, there should be people who can help find jobs for them, and help them get a chance with going to college. Everyone should have fair opportunities and have equality. People should start bending low and start helping those who are too frail to stand up. Everyone should have a shelter, nourishment, and equality. To do this people need to take a stand and start doing something about it. All people have the same rights; why not give all people the same likelihood of having the same experience of those who are more fortunate than others.

Review on Currency Number Recognition

Reappraisal on Currency Number Recognition Abstraction Over the past old ages, a great technological progresss in colour printing, duplicating and scanning, forging jobs arrived. In the yesteryear, merely the printing house has the ability to do imitative paper currency, but today merely by utilizing a computing machine and optical maser pressman at house, it is possible to publish imitative bank notes. Therefore the issue of expeditiously separating forgery bills from echt via automatic machines has become more of import. Counterfeit notes are job of every state. Thus such a system is required, which is helpful in confirmation and acknowledgment of paper currency notes with fast velocity and less clip demand. These currencies will be verified by utilizing image processing techniques. This consists of image processing with feature extraction of paper currency. Image processing includes the nature of an image to better its ocular information for human reading. The consequence will be whether currency is echt or forgery. General FootingsImage Processing:Digital image processing has become of import in many Fieldss of research, industrial and military applications. The processing on planar informations, or images, utilizing a digital computing machine or other digital hardware.Feature Extraction:Feature extraction method is for bettering velocity and truth between two factors. Most normally used characteristic extraction method is image processing. It effects on design and public presentation of the system intensively. Keywords MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox, GUI ( Graphical User Interface )1. IntroductionFeature extraction of images is the disputing work in digital image processing. The feature extraction of Indian currency notes involves the extraction of characteristics like consecutive Numberss, watermarking of currency. Feature extraction is that of pull outing the natural information from the given information. Probabilities of paper currencies with assorted states are likely rises progressively. This is a challenge for conventional paper currency acknowledgment systems. The acknowledgment of the consecutive Numberss of the Indian paper currency such as 100, 500 or 1000 can be detected utilizing assorted methods. The consecutive Numberss are used as identifiers that average IDs of bills.2. CURRENCY RECOGNITION METHODS2.1 A Reliable Method for Paper Currency RecognitionBy Junfang Guo, Yanyun Zhao, Anni Cai, IEEE Transactions, Proceedings of IC-NIDC2010,978-1-4244-6853-9/10. A Reliable Method for Paper Currency Recognition is based on LBP that means traditional local double star form ( LBP ) method, an improved LBP algorithm, besides called block-LBP algorithm, which is used for characteristic extraction. LBP tool is used for texture description. Advantages of this method have simpleness and high velocity. 2.2 Feature Extraction for Paper Currency RecognitionH. Hassanpour, A. Yaseri, G. Ardeshiri aˆâ€ ¢Feature Extraction for Paper Currency Recognition, IEEE Transactions, 1-4244-0779-6/07,2007. In the techniques for paper currency acknowledgment, three features of paper currencies include size ; colour and texture are used in the acknowledgment. By utilizing image histogram, with the mention paper currency plenty of different colourss in a paper currency is computed and compared. 2.3 Feature Extraction for Bank Note Classification Using Wavelet Transform Euisun Choi, Jongseok Lee and Joonhyun Yoon presented this paper in March, 2006 at IEEE International conference.In this paper probe to have extraction for bank note categorization by working the ripple transform. In the proposed method, high frequence coefficients taken from the ripple sphere and are examined to pull out characteristics. We foremost perform border sensing on measure images to ease the ripple characteristic extraction. The characteristic vectors is so conducted by thresholding and numeration of ripple coefficients. The proposed characteristic extraction method can be used to sorting any sort of bank note. However, in this paper scrutiny of Korean won measures of 1000, 5000 and 10000 won types. The textured parts of different measure images can be easy described by break uping the texture into several frequence sub-bands. In the proposed method, high frequence bomber sets are explored to pull out characteristics from transformed images. 2.4 Texture Based Recognition Techniques Texture is a most utile characteristic for Currency acknowledgment. Textural characteristics related to human ocular perceptive are really utile for characteristic choice and texture analyser design. There are some set of texture characteristics that have been used often for image retrieval. Tamura characteristics ( saltiness, directivity, contrast ) , Tamura saltiness is defined as the norm of coarseness steps at each and every pel location inside a texture part. These characteristics can calculate straight from the full image without any similarity. In general the public presentations of this characteristic are non satisfactory. The saltiness information utilizing a histogram should be considered. The Gabor characteristic usage filters to pull out texture information at multiple graduated tables and orientations. As for texture characteristics, there is a comparing of the public presentation of Tamura characteristics, border histogram, MRSAR, Gabor texture characteristic, and pyram id-structured and tree-structured ripple transform characteristics. Harmonizing to author the experimental consequences indicated that MRSAR and Gabor characteristics perform other texture characteristics. However, to accomplish such good public presentation from MRSAR, the Mahalanobis distance based on an image-dependent Covariance matrix has to be used and it increases the size of characteristic and hunt complexness. The extraction of Gabor characteristic is much slower than other texture characteristics, which makes its usage in big databases. Generally Tamura characteristics are non every bit good as MRSAR, Gabor, TWT and PWT characteristics. 2.5 Placement Rule In the yesteryear, there were some troubles in texture analysis due to miss of equal tools to qualify different graduated tables of texture efficaciously. There are some texture based techniques. The work done in this country was carried out by Tamura. Harmonizing to him, for ocular texture is hard. Its construction is attributed to the insistent forms in which elements are arranged harmonizing to a arrangement regulation. Hence it can be written as f= R ( vitamin E ) , Where R is denoting a arrangement regulation ( or relation ) and e is denoting an component. There is a set of characteristics utilizing this all input forms are measured and gives good distributed consequences. So it is required to hold both extremes defines for each characteristic. e.g. , harsh versus mulct for saltiness. Coarseness is a extremely of import factor in texture. In order to better the other characteristics, its consequences should be utilized. 2.6 Pattern Based Recognition Techniques The Pattern acknowledgment is based on anterior cognition as a characteristic. This is the categorization of objects based on a set of images. These techniques are focused on Vector quantisation based histogram mold. Vector quantisation ( VQ ) is a method of trying a d-dimensional infinite where each point,tenJ, in a set of informations is replaced by one of the L paradigm points. The paradigm points are selected such that the amount of the distances ( deformation ) from each information point,tenJ, to its nearest paradigm point is minimized. The work in this country was completed out by Seth McNeillIn et Al. Author gives the method for acknowledgment of coins by pattern acknowledgment. This differentiates between the bald bird of Jove on the one-fourth, the torch of autonomy on the dime, Thomas Jefferson ‘s house on the Ni, and the Lincoln Memorial on the penny. First collects the information, during the informations aggregation phase assorted background colourss, including bl ack, white, ruddy, and blue, were tested for segmentability. Adobe Photoshop was used to find the RGB values of the coin and its background. Then Segmentation was applied to these images. After the informations aggregation next is Coin Segmentation and Cropping. In this measure coins were segmented from their backgrounds by utilizing some alteration of Nechyba’s codification. Croping plan was implemented to turn up the borders of coin. After this Features were extracted from the coins by texture templets with each image, with border sensing templets. and The consequence of this method is 94 % accurate. 2.7 Color Based Recognition Technique The Wei-Ying Maetal. in describes Color histogram ( CH ) method for an image. It is created by numbering the figure of pels of each colour. Histogram describes the colour distribution in an image. It is easy to calculate and is insensitive to little alterations in sing place ( VP ) . The calculation of colour histogram involves numbering the figure of pels of specified colour. Therefore in an image with declaration m*n, the clip complexness of calculating colour histogram is O ( manganese ) . It overcomes some of the jobs with colour histogram techniques such as high-dimensional characteristic vectors, spacial localisation, and indexing and distance calculation.3. SYSTEM OVERVIEW3.1 Flow of Image Processing Fig 1. Flow of System This system is designed by using image Processing tool chest and other related Matlab tool chest. The system is divided into some subdivision to back up the hereafter acknowledgment procedure.4. RecognitionsA thesis work of such a great significance is non possible without the aid of several people, straight or indirectly. First and foremost I have huge felicity in showing my sincere thanks to my usher, Prof. Vishal Bhope for his valuable suggestions, co-operation and uninterrupted counsel. I am really much thankful to all my module members.5. Reference[ 1 ] Hanish Aggarwal and Padam Kumar, â€Å"Localization of Indian Currency Note in Color Images† , ICCCNT 2012. ( Unpublished ) . [ 2 ] Wei-Ying Ma and HongJiang Zhang, â€Å"Benchmarking of Image Features for Content-based Retrieval† Hewlett- Packard Laboratories, 1501 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1126. [ 4 ] Hideyuki Tamura, Shunji Mori, and Takashi, â€Å"Textural Features Matching to Visual Perception† , Member IEEE. [ 5 ] Seth McNeill, Joel Schipper, Taja Sellers, Michael C. Nechybaâ€Å"Coin Recognition utilizing Vector Quantization and Histogram Modelling† Machine Intelligence Laboratory University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611. [ 6 ] Michael C. Nechyba, â€Å"Vector Quantization a confining Case of EM† , EEL6825: Pattern Recognition Class Material, Fall 2002. [ 7 ] Jing Huang, S Ravi Kumar, Mandar Mitra, Wei-Jing Zhu, Ramin Zabi, â€Å"Image Indexing Using Color Correlograms† , Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853. [ 8 ] John R. Smith and Shih-Fu Chang, â€Å"Tools and Techniques for Color Image Retrieval† , Columbia University Department of Electrical Engineering and Centre for Telecommunications Research New York, N.Y. 10027.

Fish bank reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fish bank reflection - Essay Example According to an article by the United Nations, â€Å"fishing is central to the livelihood and food security of 200 million people worldwide†¦while one of five individuals depend on fish as the primary source of protein† (â€Å"Overfishing: A threat†). Current trends in the diet now include fish as a healthier option. Thus, an increase in the demand for fish had driven the fishing industry to catch more in order to supply the higher consumption of fish—starts of overfishing. With the rapid sprouting of commercial fishing vessels, more marine creatures are caught by the day; however, this in turn produces significant drawbacks. The fishing industry had produced more equipped vessels, ensuring greater catch (â€Å"Overfishing†). â€Å"As the catches have gradually become smaller, the mesh sized in fishing nets have also decreased, allowing for more smaller fish to be caught† (Layton). The smaller fishes are never allowed to grow into full-fledged creatures. This is an alarming occurrence, for this could disrupt the reproduction process of most fish. The fishing trend had robbed the ability of Mother Nature to replenish what had been lost at sea. In overfishing, there is over-exploitation and mismanagement, not only by commercial establishments but also on the part of government agencies. Policies on overfishing had been intentionally ignored by most. A report revealed the ongoing illegal activities on the Indian Ocean coast waters, despite government policies—this continued to threaten the over depleted water supplies (IPP Media). Furthermore, it cited that â€Å"the number of fishing permits did not correspond with the amount of stocks available in the ocean, hence, the depletion.† Neglect by the government and continued illegal activities had worsened the already disastrous conditions. All in all, man’s activity (overfishing) is the main contributing factor in the rapid depletion of fish stocks in the ocean.

Market Plan and Strategy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Market Plan and Strategy - Coursework Example Goal: The objective of this business is to reduce the fright or anxiety of individuals regarding their surgery or any sort of medical treatment by providing them personal, professional, friendly and confidential consultation. Customers see the services of different providers as similar and do not care about providers as compare to the price. The solution of this price competition is to create differentiation. â€Å"Medical tourism† will give its customers proper services they do not need to worry about their reports’ result as the company will not just guide them, but the company would also resolve their translation issue of reports. Company will set complementary product pricing. This strategy would allow the company to charge a high price for its complementary services. The basic services of â€Å"Medical Tourism† is to guide customers and make appointments with required or suitable physician. Additional price will be charged for translating and interpreting services (Rao, 2009). There are many questions of patients and their relatives regarding health. Therefore; there is an identified need for medical consulting firms. The consulting business would consult patients for surgical decisions or medical diagnosis. The promotion of services is a challenge in comparison to the products because people cannot touch or feel these services until they buy them (Lovelock, and Wirtz, 2011). Therefore, promotion will be done through the distribution of brochures at different places. For promotion, medical tourism would work with local businesses such as hospitals, doctors’ offices, churches, taxi-cab services and bus stations. Medical tourism would distribute its brochures to all places including homes boxes. Website of the company would provide all information related to the services and it will help in educating people. The most important promotion tool for such businesses is â€Å"word of mouth†. Company will hire experienced people who will give the complete

Result of Survey About Consumer's Buying Preferences towards Essay

Result of Survey About Consumer's Buying Preferences towards Technological Goods Produced using Sustainable Business Practices - Essay Example II. Introduction Knowing the preference of a market or determining how will consumer respond towards a certain good is critical to a business success especially when it is about to introduce a product in the market. The information regarding the market’s preference, behaviour or response towards a certain product is critical because this will give the company an idea whether to push through with the product or not and if ever it will push through with the product, on how will it position itself in the market that would optimize its success. In the case of this paper, the research will determine the consumer buying preference towards technological goods produced using sustainable business practices. Albeit it is ideal to produce products using sustainable business practices, it is not yet known whether there will be a business incentive in terms of market acceptance in the market of Dubai towards green products. This paper will attempt to determine Consumer buying preferences t owards technological goods produced using sustainable business practices and if they are, what particular consumer demographics are susceptible to it so that a company can focus on a particular segment of the market to optimize its success. III. Description of methodology The information used in research paper came from primary data through the form of a survey. The survey had 40 respondents from the Dubai market. The demographics of the market are consumers age 30-60 above, who have a source of income of USD 20,000 to USD 59,000 that ranged from single people to couples with family. Suffice to say that the respondents were a fair representative of consumers of technological goods. The purpose of the survey however was to determine their preference towards technological goods produced using sustainable business practices. Albeit it is the ideal business practice, it is yet to be determined if sustainable business practice can translate to sales and ultimately profit. The survey came in the form of a questionnaire which requires respondents to indicate their age, gender, approximate annual income and civil status. The questionnaires were designed to be simple to easily determine consumer response towards technological goods produced using sustainable business practices. IV. Analysis of the data from the survey The result of the survey was an eye opener as well as encouraging. For one, there are already segments in the market who particularly conscious about the company’s business practice and in fact has a bearing in their purchase decisions. Survey result showed that the age group 35 to 39 and 40 to 44 strongly agreed that consumer should completely stop buying products that are unsustainable to the environment. This indicates that a particular segment in the market has a strong opinion about the environment friendliness of a product. This is being supported by another statistical data that these age groups are responsive to the environmentally sustaina ble practice of a company. Age group 35 to 39, 40 to 44 and 45 to 49 proved to be willing to pay extra as long as the product/s is/are environmentally friendly. They would also ask or inquire about the business practice of a company of which they deemed to be important in the decision making process of purchasing their electronic goods. Consumers also do not merely associate environment friendliness to energy consumption because respondents on all age group did

GLOBAL HEALTH CARE PAPER & PRESENTATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

GLOBAL HEALTH CARE PAPER & PRESENTATION - Essay Example By then, these efforts helped China achieve better results than those countries that they share the same level of economic development. One of the most remarkable health care reforms is patient-centered, which was introduced in 1997; the same reform agenda has formed the basis for hospital management reforms that have been introduced in China from 2005. This patient-centered approach has been promoted by improving the relationship between the doctor and the patient. Although the health care reforms in China have seen many positive results, it has also resulted to some negative impacts, which has threatened the country’s preventive health programs. Even the recent introduction of limited health insurance for preventative services and charges for immunization has not helped salvage the situation. The money that has been gotten from these schemes have proved insufficient to finance a preventative program, which currently uses 15 percent of the Ministry of Public Health’s r esources and barely 2 percent of the total health costs (Hillier & Shen, 2012). The main reason for introduction of reforms in China’s health care system was to relieve the government of some health care burden, which could be achieved by encouraging hospitals to make enough income to sustain their budgets. In this arrangement, the hospital fee is paid by labor insurance or the patients themselves through a straight fee-for-service program. The hospitals have, therefore, been forced to raise their prices in order to cover their charges and costs. In addition, the volume of healthcare services increased in the 1980s when the insurance increased their spending by 16 percent (Hillier & Shen, 2012). The health care in China has become ‘provider-led’ due to the self-financing system by the hospitals. This system has several shortcomings, including high cost of drugs and polypharmacy, longer in-patient waits for those who have an insurance cover, and inapt application of costly technology. The other major challenge of Chinese health care system is the inequalities that is introduced as a result of the reduced investment in township hospitals and the disintegration of rural health cooperatives. However, this system encourages CT scans such as the one belonging to those who have taken insurance cover for their health. In addition, this system ensures a detailed payment that encourages antibiotic injections, and infusion of intravenous vitamin among other forms of treatments (Hillier & Shen, 2012). Compare & contrast China’s health system with the American System before & after the implementation of the Affordable Health Care Act. In a bid to make healthcare affordable to the poor, who makes eighty percent of its population, China has made efforts to give them basic health facilities through a national strategy; even before the introduction of affordability policy. Unlike in the U.S., in China the accessibility of affordable healthcare has be en regarded as an essential human right and hence should be availed to the whole society. This shows that the Chinese healthcare is more equal than that of the U.S. especially considering that the cost of treatment is less than that of the U.S., although the GDP of America is larger than that of China by a large margin, China has experienced a greater growth in the rate of

Categorical Definition Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Categorical Definition Argument - Essay Example Thus one, of the criterion for defining just war, is that its started for to keep the balance between the states. If the state sees no other means of resolving the situation when its analytics presuppose that the leaders of the opposing state will start a war sooner or later, than the intervention into the territory of that country is justified. It is done for not to let the potential aggressor to develop stronger military power. Thus we can state that one more criterion for saying that the war is just, is that there were no means except for the military intervention to prevent the breach of balance in future. Preventive wars are led for to preserve peace on the territory of the country which starts them. It sounds paradoxical, but gives us one more criterion for defining a just war, which is that a just war is to be led for re-establishing of peace. Walzer says, that "Humanitarian intervention is justified when it is a response (with reasonable expectations of success) to acts "that shock the moral conscience of mankind." After analyzing this statement we can deduce two more criterions. The first is that the war is just when it is fought with a reasonable chance of success, the second is that the war can be considered just only if it is began and led for to prevent something wrong, like slaughter of the civilians, or the introduction of the dictatorship of some political force or a group of people. Considering all of the criterions we can define just war as a war that is begun for to keep the balance between the states and restore peace. It should be fought with a reasonable chance of success for to prevent something wrong that is happening or will happen. The just war is begun when there are no other means of solving the problems. Thus we can conclude that a just war is a war that satisfies the set of moral

Health Sciences and Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Health Sciences and Medicine - Essay Example Students who pursue health and medicine courses were positively perceived as academic elites who deserved respect. I joined the institution knowing exactly what I wanted at the end of my studies and this enabled me to set my goals with utmost precision and clarity. Reflection, an introspective evaluation of the past experiences, achievements and challenges would be the best way to assess the academic progress so far (Jasper, et.al, 2013: 110). This academic year has stood out with many activities and experiences that have significantly impacted on my social and academic life through the journey towards achieving my educational goals. The fact that the institution provides a course outline early enough enables students to psychologically prepare for the oncoming course tasks. The reality of academic pursuit is personalized when one is issued with a course outline. I personally felt the challenge to start my course studies early enough and prior to the instructor’s commencement so I may be best placed to understand the concepts. Attributably, the good progress so far this academic year is as a result of strengths in my personality that have worked to my academic advantage. In an environment where time is far more precious, excellent time management skills have undoubtedly favoured me. I remember, sometime back, how much I struggled waking up early in the morning to prepare for the day. Although intrinsically I rated highly in general time management scale, waking up early in the morning was a daunting task.

Army Values Essay Example for Free

Army Values Essay In the US Army we are taught to live up by the 7 ARmy Values. They are broken down to us in the acronym LDRSHIP. Loyalty Bear true faith and allegiance to the U.S Constitution, the Army and other soldiers. Duty Fulfill your obligations. Respect Treat people as they should be treated. Selfless Service Put the welfare of the nation, the Army and your subordinates above your own. Honor Live up to the army values. Integrity Do whats right legally and morally. and Personal Courage Face fear, danger or adversity (physical or moral). All 7 values have an impact on each other, and are integral part of ones moral standing. In my personal opinion, Loyalty means being a person that other’s can count on. That when the time comes, you will be there to do what needs to be done. You will be true and faithful to them no matter the outcome. If that loyalty is not observed by both parties involved however, then that sense of loyalty may eventually change or even fade. Duty to me is accomplishing a task that needs to be done, no matter how much you’d rather be doing something else. Whether you love it or hate it. The task is there to be done. If one does not fulfill their duties on a regular basis, then those around them have to pick up the slack, and any sense of loyalty begins to become tarnished. Everyone wants to be respected. It’s in our nature, but in order to obtain respect, first of all†¦.one has to respect oneself. Second, one has to show respect to others in order to gain respect from them. If one doesn’t show respect to someone, that person may often feel slighted and lose.

Human condition and the passage from innocence to experience Essay Example for Free

Human condition and the passage from innocence to experience Essay In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley reflects her views on the faults and weaknesses of human beings and the disasters these imperfections can cause through the personalities and actions of the characters in the novel. The results of the characters personalities and actions show how significant certain undesired traits can be. Through the journeys of the individual characters Mary Shelly shows how we, as human beings, develop in the path from innocence to experience. Surprisingly, the majority of Shelleys obvious criticisms are divulged through the hero, Victor Frankenstein. Frankenstein is used to fulfil this purpose in a multitude of ways: In her 1823 Introduction, Mary Shelley suggests that Victors main crime is his presumption in displacing God. The works of Milton could have inspired this; by way of her parents, he would have been a natural choice of inspiration for Shelley. Milton believed that power corrupts human beings and distrusted anyone who could claim power over anyone else. Therefore, Frankenstein does wrong in claiming power over the monsters life by creating him. We see a change in Victors views on this subject; at the beginning of the novel Frankenstein is fixated with the idea of creating a new being from the remains of dead people and bringing this new being to life by means of electricity. As the novel develops, through his experiences he begins to see the true repercussions of his actions and finally sees the magnitude of what he has done in his thoughtlessness (innocence. ) This can also be seen as an attack on human nature. As the creature opens his eyes for the first time, facets of Victors character become revealed. Whereas the read expects Victor to reflect the joy of having finally received his goal, his reaction is on of horror: now that I have finished, the beauty of the dream has vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart. While one may assume that his repulsion is due to the physical appearance of the wretch (p56), Victor had created the monster and knew very well what the creature looked like before it awoke. Therefore, his terror seems to represent a sort of subconscious self-vision. This could be Shelleys way of criticising how we can become clouded by ambition and do not realise the consequences of our actions until it is too late. Towards the end of the novel Victor has learnt from his experiences and realises what the possible consequences could be of creating a companion for the monster. He knows the destruction of the female monster could result in his own death but for once he is selfless and takes responsibility. Unlike his first venture, he is thinking of the greater-good rather than his own happiness. In the beginning of the novel we see the development of Victors ambition from healthy to obsessive. Fired by his enthusiasm during his first experiments, he imagines how A new species would bless me as its creator and source No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs(p54). A possibly interpretation here would be to presume that this is a criticism of mans belief that he is indestructible and he can thus take on the role of God and do whatever he likes. This could have sprung from the death of Marys mother; human beings believe themselves to be all-powerful and virtually invincible but they cannot avoid death. On the other hand, perhaps the crime upon which Shelley focuses is not what he does, but what he fails to do: nurture his creation. Victors ambition and achievement may be heroic, problems only occur in his inability to bear responsibility for his creation. In Brannaghs film interpretation, Frankensteins soul motivation for the creation of the monster is to cheat death (possibly an honourable purpose which would not suggest that Shelley meant Victor to be disliked). However, in the novel, there is no evidence to suggest that this is the case. Frankenstein is also portrayed to wish to undermine the power and position of women. By this we see him rebelling against the normal family unit and the responsibilities that belonging to such a unit entails. This could be interpreted as a fear of the natural process of birth, possibly echoing Shelleys own mixed feelings towards childbirth. First pregnant at sixteen, and almost constantly pregnant during the next five years, Shelley lost most of her children soon after they were born. Victors workshop of filthy creation (p55) may have womb-like suggestions. Following this argument, Helen Moers likens the description of the newly created monster to that of a newborn baby in her book Female Gothic. Shelley also uses Frankenstein, and his failure to comply with social expectations in his creation of his creature, to criticise society on many different levels. When Frankenstein gives life to the monster, he is so disgusted with its appearance and its deviation from a normal human being that he rejects and abandons it. This reflects how society shuns anyone or anything that does not conform to their idea of normality. This particular criticism probably sprung from Shelleys up bringing. With two revolutionary parents, Mary Shelley was certainly not born in to a conformist family. A particular example of this is the fact that Mary Shelleys parents were not married. At the time this would have been virtually unheard of in decent families. Mary was possible criticised by her peers as having radical parents, or being bullied because her parents were not normal. She shows her anger at their ignorance by showing Victor be uncaring, and leading the reader to sympathise with the monster rather than his cruel creator. After the conviction of Justine we see a possibility that Victor will admit to being responsible for the death of Justine. However, he is cowardly. He claims Justine to be innocent, and claims to know Williams murderer but does not confess. Again, it is his failure to act that results in disastrous consequences. However, by announcing his faith in Justines innocence we are endeared to him. Shelley used this to show us how he improves with the experience he gains. Towards the end of the novel the monster requests that Frankenstein grant him a companion to end his misery. We see a blinker of sympathy and consideration for the monster in Victor at this point. He has improved himself slightly by this point. When the monster makes his proposition, Frankenstein actually considers with the monster. We can, therefore, see that by this point he becoming prepared to reason with the monster like an equal. We begin to think he is going to take responsibility for his actions by taking pity on the monster. After all it cannot be forgotten that the monster could have honoured his promise and disappeared with its mate, thus preventing the death of Clerval, Elizabeth and possibly Victors own father. But on the destruction of the female monsters body Victor fails to take true responsibility and virtually caused the deaths of Clerval and Elizabeth. Again, his experience has made improved him, almost to the point where he could redeem himself of the crime that is abandoning what is effectively his child. At the end of the novel, although Victors dying wish is that the deaths of his loved ones be avenged, we can see how his journey has changed him. His last expressed feelings are that of fatigue and exhaustion. This shows how Shelley hopes human beings will become tired of their flawed ways of thinking and learn from their experiences. In a direct contrast, the monsters passage from innocence to experience only produces negative results. In spite of his unnatural creation, the monster can be seen to symbolize a new start. However, as he proceeds with his education, as he moves from nature to culture, the monster learns more and more about the injustices of society. He learns about human emotions and comes to desire compassion and love but is rejected on account of his repulsive physical appearance. He masters language, but language fails him; rather than allowing his entry into human society as he had hoped, it only serves to make him more fully aware of his unique origin and alien nature. His education is part of what makes him miserable. It is only when he is exposed to, and suffers from the viciousness of human society that he himself begins to demonstrate violent behaviour, to act as the monster his appearance suggests him to be. What I perceive to be the monsters most vicious act is the murder of Elizabeth on Victor and Elizabeths wedding night. Without his primitive human emotions he would never have known what he was missing out in a female companion. With his experiences with the DeLaceys he saw how strong the family unit could be and felt even more bitter when he was rejected. Without such knowledge or experience he would never have had the determination to enact such a terrible crime. It is his human emotions that finally cause his misery to consume him at the end of the novel. When Victor dies, the monster if found by his body crying. This is a common human characteristic; in most cases, even if two people did not get along well in life or had not spoken in years, if one is to die, the other forgets the past and exonerates their dead friend, acquaintance or family member by mourning their loss. They regret things that they may not have said or done, and wish they could turn back time to put things right before the other passed away. It is the monsters sadness at the death of his creator and his regret for the events of the past that finally consume him and tear from him his desire to live. Without these human emotions, the monster may not have destined himself to such a tragic end. It could be argued that Shelley was criticising the power of human emotions and the negative results they can produce. As I mentioned before, Shelley lost many of her children, this must have caused her great depression misery. These may have affected her ability to live her life; thus, she may have been suggesting that if she could have been less humane, her life may not have been as miserable. In conclusion both the monster and Frankenstein show Shelleys feelings towards human behaviour, how we learn from our experiences, and how we deal with things in the future. However, it is arguable whether she is intending to show that knowledge or ignorance is bliss through he contrasting passages of Frankenstein and his creation.